اثربخشی آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی بر تصویر بدن، تکانشگری و سازگاری اجتماعی دختران نوجوان چاق 14-18 سال

دانش و پژوهش در روان شناسی کاربردی

مقاله 10، دوره 23، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 89، آذر 1401، صفحه 122-134   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30486/jsrp.2020.1882433.2135

نویسندگان

مریم سپیانی¹؛ ملیحه سادات کاظمی^{* 2}

¹دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی نجف آباد، اصفهان، ایران

²استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی نجف آباد، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

هدف پژوهش، تعیین میزان اثربخشی آموزش ذهنآگاهی بر تصویر بدن، تکانشگری و سازگاری اجتماعی در دختران چاق بود. روش پژوهش، نیمهآزمایشی، پیش­آزمون-پس­آزمون همراه با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری، دختران نوجوان چاق شهرستان نجف آباد در نیمه اول سال 1397 بود. ابتدا تعداد 30 نفر از دانش آموزان دختر مقطع متوسطه 1 و2 با دامنه سنی 14 تا 18 سال که بر طبق معیار شاخص توده بدنی (BMI) چاق محسوب می‌شدند، بصورت هدفمند انتخاب و سپس بطور تصادفی در دو گروه کنترل و آزمایش (هرگروه 15نفر) جایگزین شدند. هر دو گروه سه پرسشنامه روابط چندبعدی بدن (Cash, 1990)، پرسشنامه تکانشگری بارت  (Patton,Stanford & Barratt,1995) و پرسشنامه سازگاری اجتماعی کالیفرنیا  (Thorpe, Clark & Tiegs, 1939) را قبل از آموزش تکمیل نمودند. سپس گروه آزمایش تحت آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی (8جلسه‌ی 90 دقیقه‌ای) قرار گرفت و گروه کنترل هیچ مداخله ای دریافت نکرد. بعد از اتمام آموزش، پرسشنامه­ها توسط هر دو گروه تکمیل شد. داده­ها با استفاده از نرم افزارSPSS 21  با تحلیل کوواریانس تجزیه و تحلیل شد. یافته­ها نشان داد که بین گروه­های آزمایش و کنترل در متغیرهای تصویر بدن، تکانشگری و سازگاری اجتماعی تفاوت معناداری وجود داشت (01/0 P<). همچنین مقایسه میانگین­ها در نمرات پس­آزمون مولفه گرایش ضد اجتماعی، نشان داد که گروه آزمایش نمرات بالاتری را نسبت به گروه کنترل کسب کرده است و نشان می­دهد که گروه آزمایش بعد از آموزش ذهن­آگاهی، در مولفه گرایش ضد­اجتماعی، سازگاری و عملکرد بهتری داشته است. بنابراین آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی می‌تواند در بهبود تصویر بدن، تکانشگری و سازگاری اجتماعی دختران نوجوان چاق موثر واقع شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ذهن‌آگاهی؛ تصویر بدن؛ تکانشگری؛ سازگاری اجتماعی؛ چاقی

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