بررسی فیتوشیمیایی و اثر ضد میکروبی عصارۀ گیاه دارویی Moringa oleifera Lam. تکثیر یافته از طریق کشت بافت

اکوفیتوشیمی گیاهان دارویی

مقاله 6، دوره 10، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 40، دی 1401، صفحه 77-94   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/ejmp.2022.1947044.1667

نویسندگان

آسیه اسحاق زاده¹؛ محبوبه طاهرخانی^{* 2}

¹گروه فیتوشیمی و شیمی فناوری اسانس، دانشکده شیمی دارویی، واحد علوم دارویی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

²گروه شیمی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد تاکستان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تاکستان، ایران.

چکیده

گیاه گز روغنی (Moringa oleifera Lam) یک درخت گرمسیری متعلق به خانوادۀ Moringaceae و دارای 14 گونه در آفریقا، ماداگاسکار، آسیای غربی و شبه قاره هند است.  این تحقیق به بررسی فیتوشیمیایی و اثرات ضد میکروبی عصارۀ گیاه M. oleifera تکثیر یافته از طریق کشت درون شیشه­ ای در ایران می­ پردازد. در بهار سال 1395، با کشت بافت اثرات محیط را بر روی مقدار و میزان ترکیبات فیتوشیمیایی حذف کردیم و بدینصورت از توان و پتانسیل ژنتیکی گیاه آگاه شدیم. عصارۀ گیاه کشت بافتی به روش خیساندن در حلال، استخراج و نهایتاٌ ترکیب کوئرستین به عنوان یک فلاونوئید از طریق کروماتوگرافی ستونی و لایه نازک، استخراج، خالص سازی و سپس از طریق طیف سنجی رزونانس مغناطیسی هسته و تکنیک مادون قرمز شناسایی و تعیین ساختار مولکولی گردید. همچنین اثر آنتی میکروبی عصارۀ تام این گیاه توسط خیساندن در سه حلال متانول، کلروفرم و اتیل استات علیه چهار سویه باکتریایی Staphylococcus aureus ،Bacillus subtilis ، Pseudomonas aeruginosa و Escherichia coli به روش چاهک پلیت در محیط مایع مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و در نهایت حداقل غلظت مهار کنندگی رشد (MIC) و حداقل غلظت کشندگی باکتری (MBC) برای سویه های مذکور تعیین گردید. بزرگترین هاله عدم رشد مربوط به عصارۀ متانولی و به میزان 20 میلی متر بدست آمد. مؤثرترین نتیجه با توجه به مقادیرMIC  و MBC مربوط به تأثیر عصاره متانولی بر روی سویۀ E. coli با غلظت 40 mg/ml  بدست آمد. در نتیجه عصارۀ گیاه M. oleifera منبع غنی از مواد آنتی اکسیدانی نظیر فلاونوئید ها و همچنین عصارۀ متانولی آن دارای خاصیت آنتی میکروبی قابل توجهی می باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آنتی باکتریال؛ استخراج؛ کشت بافت؛ کوئرستین؛ گز روغنی

مراجع

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