بهره تحول‌یافتگی، اضطراب و افسردگی در دانش‌آموزان شهری و روستایی

روانشناسی تحولی: روانشناسان ایرانی

دوره 19، شماره 73، مهر 1401، صفحه 39-50   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

مائده رنجبر¹؛ سوسن رحیم‌زاده^{* 2}

¹کارشناس ارشد روان‌شناسی بالینی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران جنوب

²استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی دانشگاه آزاد ‌ٖاسلامی واحد تهران‌ جنوب

چکیده

هـدف ایـن پژوهـش مقایسـۀ بهـرۀ تحول‌یافتگـی، نشـانه‌های اضطـراب و افسـردگی در دانش‌آمـوزان دورۀ ابتدایـی شـهری و روسـتایی شهرسـتان بابـل بـود. در قالـب یـک طـرح علـی ـ مقایسـه‌ای، 90 دانش‌آمـوز شـهری (47 دختـر و 43 پسـر) و 90 دانش‌آمـوز روسـتایی (47 دختـر و 43 پسـر) از پایـۀ اول تـا ششـم دورۀ ابتدایـی بـه روش داوطلبانـه انتخـاب شـدند و آزمـون آدمـک رنگـی (روآیـه، 1984 نقـل از دادسـتان، 1395) را ترسـیم کردنـد. نتایـج حاصـل از آزمـون تحلیـل واریانـس چندمتغیـری نشـان داد بهـرۀ تحول‌یافتگـی بیـن دو گـروه دانش‌آمـوزان دورۀ ابتدایـی شـهری و روسـتایی تفـاوت نـدارد امـا نشـانه‌های اضطـراب و افسـردگی در دانش‌آمـوزان روسـتایی بیـش از دانش‌آمـوزان شـهری اسـت و محـل سـکونت توانایـی تبییـن 4درصـد از واریانـس اضطـراب و 6 درصـد از واریانـس افسـردگی تفـاوت بیـن دو گـروه را دارد. در پایـان بـر تغییـرات تربیتـی و آموزشـی همـگام بـا تغییـرات اقتصادی-اجتماعـی تأکیـد شـد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

بهرۀ تحول‌یافتگی؛ اضطراب؛ افسردگی؛ شهری؛ روستایی

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