اثربخشی درمان شناختی رفتاری متمرکز بر اندیشناکی بر خودارزیابی منفی و افکار خودکشی دختران افسرده 14 تا 19 سال، اقدام کننده به خودکشی درمقایسه با شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر توجه آگاهی؛ پیگیری دو ماهه

دانش و پژوهش در روان شناسی کاربردی

دوره 24، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 91، خرداد 1402، صفحه 109-123   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30486/jsrp.2021.1924118.2873

نویسندگان

هادی ایزانلو¹؛ فاطمه شهابی زاده^{* 2}؛ سید کاوه حجت³؛ سید عبدالمجید بحرینیان⁴

¹دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد بیرجند، بیرجند. ایران.

²دانشیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد بیرجند، بیرجند. ایران.

³دانشیار روانپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات روانپزشکی و علوم رفتاری، گروه روانشناسی، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران.

⁴استاد روانشناسی بالینی، گروه روانشناسی، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران.

چکیده

اقدام به خودکشی در بین دختران نوجوان بدلیل شناخت­های منفی در حال افزایش است، بنابراین هدف این پژوهش بررسی اثر بخشی درمان شناختی رفتاری متمرکز بر اندیشناکی در مقابل درمان شناختی مبتنی بر توجه آگاهی بر خود ارزیابی منفی و افکار خودکشی در بین دختران نوجوان 14 تا 19 سال، افسرده قدام کننده به خودکشی بود. روش این پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی، با پیش آزمون- پس آزمون و یک گروه کنترل بود. 33 دختر نوجوان که با مشکل اقدام به خودکشی به واحد اورژانس بیمارستان ثامن الائمه و امام حسن(ع) بجنورد از اول آبان تا پانزدهم اسفند 1398 مراجعه کرده بودند، پس از داشتن ملاک‌های ورود، به روش هدفمند انتخاب شدند و سپس به طور تصادفی در سه گروه (هر گروه 10 نفر) درمان شناختی رفتاری متمرکز بر اندیشناکی، شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر توجه آگاهی (10 جلسه انفرادی) و کنترل قرار گرفتند. ابزارهای پژوهش پرسشنامه­های افسردگی (Beck & Steer, 1993) و احتمال خودکشی (Cull & Gill, 1989) بودند. نتایج تحلیل کوواریانس نشان داد هر دو مداخله اثر معناداری بر کاهش خودارزیابی منفی و افکار خودکشی (05/0p<) داشته است و این اثر در طول دوره پیگیری دو ماهه نیز پایدار بوده است. بنابراین هر دو مداخله می‌توانند با شیوه‌های متفاوتی (کاهش اندیشناکی و افزایش توجه آگاهی) اما بدون برتری، سطح خود ارزیابی منفی و عقاید خودکشی را کاهش دهند، بنابراین استفاده از این دو مداخله در زمان افسردگی و در دوره بحران خودکشی پیشنهاد می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

درمان شناختی رفتاری متمرکز بر اندیشناکی؛ درمان شناختی مبتنی بر توجه آگاهی؛ افسردگی؛ خود ارزیابی منفی؛ افکار خودکشی؛ دختران 14-19 سال

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