تغییرات فصلی و روزانه پاسخ‌های فتوشیمیایی و آنتی اکسیدان و متابولیسم فنل در گیاه همیشه سبز یاس (Jasminum fruticans)

فیزیولوژی محیطی گیاهی

دوره 18، شماره 69، فروردین 1402، صفحه 44-62   

نوع مقاله: مروری

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/iper.2022.1957240.1788

نویسنده

قادر حبیبی^*

گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش، تغییرات فصلی و روزانه فتوسنتز و متابولیسم فنلی گیاه همیشه سبز یاس (Jasminum fruticans L.) در طول 12 ماه سال مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. سنجش پارامترهای مربوط به رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی و متابولیسم فنلی، تفاوت‌های آشکاری را بین مقادیر اندازه گیری شده در بهار و تابستان با مقادیر پاییز و زمستان نشان داد. در پاییز و زمستان، کاهش مقادیر کلروفیل a، با افزایش مقادیر کاروتنوئید و فنل برگ‌ها (بعنوان سازوکارهای موثر حفاظت نوری) همراه بود. در حالی که پارامتر بیشینه عملکرد کوانتومی فتوسیستم II (F_v/F_m) در زمستان نوسان روزانه نشان داد، چنین نوسانی در سایر فصول مشاهده نشد. وجود نوسان روزانه  F_v/F_mتنها در روزهای زمستان، نشان داد که مهار نوری دینامیک نقش موثری در حفاظت فتوسیستم‌ها در برابر آسیب نوری بعدازظهر روز سرد زمستانی داشت. افزایش فاز O-J (فاز مربوط به تغییرات منحنی فلورسانس کلروفیل OJIP) همراه با کاهش فاز I-P نشان داد که سرمای زمستانه هر دو قسمت دهنده و گیرنده الکترون در فتوسیستم II را متأثر کرد. نتایج، وجود ارتباط بین تغییرات روزانه  F_v/F_m با تغییرات روزانه پراکسید هیدروژن (H₂O₂) و فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز (CAT) را آشکار ساخت. الگوی تغییرات روزانه فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز در فصول گرم با الگوی تغییرات روزانه این آنزیم در فصول سرد متفاوت بود بطوریکه برخلاف فصول گرم، بیشترین میزان فعالیت کاتالاز در ساعت 15 بعداز ظهر روزهای سرد زمستان ثبت شد. افزایش فعالیت کاتالاز در ساعات بعداز ظهر روزهای سرد نشان داد که این آنزیم نقش مهمی در حفاظت فتوسیستم‌ها در این ساعات دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

سیستم آنتی اکسیدانت؛ کاروتنوئید؛ فلورسانس کلروفیل؛ تغییرات روزانه؛ فلاوونوئید؛ Jasminum fruticans؛ تغییرات فصلی

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