پروبیوتیک ها: کیفیت آب، عملکرد رشد و ایمنی در آبزی‌پروری میگو

فصلنامه زیست شناسی جانوری

دوره 16، شماره 1، آذر 1402، صفحه 225-245   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/ascij.2023.1984108.1484

نویسندگان

محمد حسین خانجانی^* ؛ ُسعید حاجی رضایی

گروه علوم و مهندسی شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه جیرفت، جیرفت، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

با توجه به افزایش جمعیت جهان، صنعت آبزی‌پروری به عنوان یکی از صنایع تولید غذا در سال‌های اخیر رشد و توسعه یافته است. یکی از راهکارهای افزایش تولیدات آبزی‌پروری، افزایش تراکم ذخیره‌سازی و سطح زیر کشت می‌باشد. افزایش تراکم ذخیره‌سازی منجر به کاهش کیفیت آب، شیوع و گسترش عوامل بیماری‌زا می‌شود. استفاده از آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها به عنوان ماده شیمیایی جهت کاهش اثر عامل بیماری‌زا در آبزی‌پروری، از طرف مصرف کنندگان چندان پذیرفته شده نیست. امروزه استفاده از پروبیوتیک‌‌‌ها جهت حفظ سلامت محیط زیست برای آبزی پرورش یافته و افزایش عملکرد تولید بدون تاثیر منفی بر مصرف کنندگان حائز اهمیت است. مطالعات بر استفاده از پروبیوتیک‌ها برای دستیابی به اهداف آبزی‌پروری پایدار سازگار با محیط زیست افزایش یافته است. از مزایای استفاده از پروبیوتیک‌‌ها در آبزی‌پروری میگو، بهبود کیفیت آب، کارایی بهتر خوراک، بهبود عملکرد رشد، فعالیت آنزیم‌های گوارشی، ایمنی و مقاومت در برابر عوامل بیماری‌زا گزارش شده است. پروبیوتیک‌ها در شرایط استرس از جمله دستکاری، رقم بندی، حمل و نقل، واکسیناسیون و درمان بیماری‌ها به میگو کمک می‌کنند. پروبیوتیک‌های که در صنعت آبزی‌پروری استفاده شده­اند بیشتر شامل گونه‌های باسیلوس، لاکتوباسیلوس، میکروکوکوس، اینتروکوکوس، لاکتوکوکوس، استرپتوکوکوس و کارنوباکتریوم هستند. در مطالعه مروری حاضر، کاربرد و اهمیت پروبیوتیک‌ها در آبزی‌پروری میگو و تاثیر آن بر کیفیت آب، عملکرد رشد و ایمنی مورد بررسی قرار می‌گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آبزی‌پروری؛ میگو؛ پروبیوتیک؛ کیفیت آب؛ عملکرد رشد؛ ایمنی

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