بررسی مخاطره سلامت تجمع عناصر آرسنیک و روی در گیاهان دارویی عرضه ‌‌شده در بازار مصرف شهر‌ همدان

بهداشت مواد غذایی

مقاله 4، دوره 6، 4 (24) زمستان، اسفند 1395، صفحه 45-54   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

معصومه کریمی¹؛ لیما طیبی^{* 2}؛ سهیل سبحان اردکانی³

¹دانش‌‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد محیط‌‌زیست، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران

²استادیار گروه محیط‌‌ زیست، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران

³دانشیار گروه محیط‌‌ زیست، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران

چکیده

استفاده از گیاهان دارویی در ارتقای سلامت جامعه انسانی نقش اساسی دارد. با توجه به این­‌که گیاهان مهم‌­ترین مسیر انتقال فلزات سنگین به زنجیر غذایی انسان و چرخه­‌های زیستی محسوب می‌­شوند، این پژوهش با هدف بررسی مخاطره سلامت تجمع فلزات سنگین آرسنیک و روی در آویشن شیرازی، بنفشه، پونه و عناب عرضه ­شده در بازار مصرف شهر همدان در سال 1394 انجام یافت. بدین منظور پس از تهیه 3 نمونه از هر گیاه دارویی و هضم اسیدی نمونه‌ها مطابق روش استاندارد، غلظت تجمع‌­یافته عناصر توسط دستگاه جذب اتمی در سه تکرار خوانده شد. هم­‌چنین پردازش آماری نتایج نیز توسط نرم‌­افزار آماری SPSS انجام یافت. نتایج نشان داد که بیشینه میانگین غلظت تجمع‌­یافته عناصر آرسنیک و روی در نمونه‌های گیاهان دارویی بر حسب میکروگرم در کیلوگرم با 026/0±035/0 و 520±1880 به­‌ترتیب مربوط به آویشن شیرازی و بنفشه می‌­باشد. نتایج محاسبه شاخص مخاطره سلامت برای همه نمونه‌­ها کوچک‌­تر از یک بود. همچنین مقایسه میانگین غلظت عناصر با استانداردهای سازمان جهانی بهداشت نیز بیان‌­گر آن است که میانگین غلظت عناصر آرسنیک و روی در همه نمونه­‌های گیاهان دارویی مورد آزمایش کم‌­تر از حد استاندارد می‌­باشد. بنابراین مصرف کنترل‌­شده گیاهان دارویی مورد بررسی اثر سوء بهداشتی بر سلامت مصرف‌­کنندگان ندارد. ولی با توجه به قابلیت تجمع‌زیستی فلزات سنگین در طولانی‌­مدت، نسبت به پایش دوره­‌ای و منظم گیاهان دارویی از نظر غلظت تجمع‌یافته آلاینده‌­های شیمیایی به‌­منظور حفظ امنیت غذایی توصیه می‌­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

گیاه دارویی؛ فلز سنگین؛ امنیت غذایی؛ مخاطره بهداشتی

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