بررسی فیتوشیمیایی، ارزیابی عملکرد آنتی‌اکسیدانی و آنتی-باکتریایی عصاره‌های پنج گونه دارویی Pulicaria gnaphalodes (Vent.) Boiss، Rhazya stricta L.، Salvadora persica L.، Teucrium polium L.، Hibiscus sabdariffa L. در استان سیستان و بلوچستان

اکوفیتوشیمی گیاهان دارویی

مقاله 5، دوره 5، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 18، شهریور 1396، صفحه 49-68   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

امید عزیزیان شرمه^{* 1}؛ محرم ولی زاده²؛ علی قاسمی³؛ احمد مهربان⁴؛ افسانه کمالی دلجو⁵

¹دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد فیتوشیمی، باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران

²استادیار، گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، مجتمع آموزش عالی سراوان، سراوان، ایران

³مربی، گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران

⁴استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد زاهدان، زاهدان، ایران

⁵دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران

چکیده

مطالعه حاضر به بررسی ترکیبات فیتوشیمیایی فنول و فلاونوئید کل، ارزیابی عملکرد آنتی­اکسیدانی و آنتی­باکتریایی سه عصاره­ متانولی، اتانولی و آبی پنج گونه مختلف گیاهان دارویی Pulicaria gnaphalodes (Vent.) Boiss.، Rhazya stricta L.، Salvadora persica L.، Teucrium polium L. و Hibiscus sabdariffa L. در منطقه سیستان و بلوچستان می­پردازد. پس از جمع­آوری گیاهان و تهیه عصاره­ها به روش ماسراسیون، محتوای فنولی و فلاونوئیدی به‌ترتیب با روش­های معرف فولین-سیوکالتیو و رنگ­سنجی کلرید آلومینیوم، فعالیت آنتی­اکسیدانی با دو روش DPPH و FRAP و فعالیت آنتی­باکتریایی علیه باکتری­های استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس، انتروکوکوس فکالیس، اشرشیاکلی و سالمونلا تیفیموریوم به روش دیسک دیفیوژن (انتشار دیسک) سنجیده شده ­است. نتایج نشان دادند که در تمامی گونه­ها، عصاره متانولی دارای بیشترین ترکیبات ثانویه و فعالیت­های آنتی‌اکسیدانی و آنتی­باکتریایی بوده­است. عصاره متانولی گونه­ Hibiscus sabdariffa L. دارای بیشترین میزان ترکیبات فنولی (mgGAE/g44/6±54/32) و فلاونوئیدی (mgGAE/g00/1±11/27) و فعالیت آنتی­اکسیدانی (µg/ml21/1±34/17IC₅₀= و mMFe²⁺/mg27/2±19/55) و فعالیت ­آنتی­باکتریایی علیه باکتری استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس با قطر‌هاله عدم رشد 00/1±27 میلی­متر بوده­ است. در مقابل عصاره آبی گونه­ Teucrium poliumL.دارای کمترین میزان ترکیبات فنولی (mgGAE/g11/1±33/4) و فلاونوئیدی (mgGAE/g08/0±03/2) و فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی (µg/ml02/2±71/220 IC₅₀= و mM Fe²⁺/mg sample99/0±76/8) و فعالیت آنتی­باکتریایی علیه باکتری انترکوکوس فکالیس با قطر‌هاله عدم رشد 50/1±4 میلی­متر و اشرشیاکلی با قطر‌ هاله عدم رشد 57/0±4 میلی­متر بوده ­است. به‌طورکلی بر اساس نتایج بدست­آمده، گیاهان مورد مطالعه می­توانند کاندیدای خوبی جهت درمان بیماری­های ناشی از استرس‌های اکسیداتیوی و بیماری­های ناشی از میکروب­های بیماری­زا قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آنتی‌اکسیدانی؛ آنتی‌باکتریایی؛ فلاونوئید؛ فنول؛ سیستان و بلوچستان؛ گیاهان دارویی بومی

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