اثر کودهای زیستی بیومیک و نانو (آهن، روی، منگنز) بر عملکرد اقتصادی، آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی و غلظت برخی عناصر چای ترش (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) تحت تنش خشکی

فیزیولوژی محیطی گیاهی

مقاله 8، دوره 13، شماره 51، آذر 1397، صفحه 108-120   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

نویسندگان

عصمت هاشمی¹؛ نفیسه مهدی نژاد^{* 2}؛ براتعلی فاخری²؛ رقیه محمد پور³

¹گروه فضای سبز و باغبانی، دانشگاه زابل، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل،زابل، ایران

²گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

³گروه زراعت، دانشگاه زابل، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی اثرات کود نانو (آهن، روی، منگنز)، زیستی بیومیک و تنش خشکی بر عملکرد اقتصادی کاسبرگ، فعالیت آنزیم­های آنتی اکسیدانی و غلظت برخی عناصر در گیاه چای ترش تحت تنش خشکی، آزمایشی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه زابل در سال 1394 به صورت کرت­های یک­بار خرد شده در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمار­های آزمایش شامل چهار سطح تنش خشکی (30، 50، 70 و 90 درصد رطوبت قابل دسترس) به عنوان عامل اصلی و چهار سطح (عدم مصرف کود، نانو آهن، ترکیبات آهنی و نانو زیستی بیومیک) به‌عنوان عامل فرعی بودند. اثرات اصلی تنش خشکی، کود و برهمکنش آن­ها بر کلیه صفات مورد بررسی در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی­دار شد. بیشترین وزن تر و خشک محلول­پاشی کود نانو آهن و تنش خشکی 70 درصد ظرفیت زراعی بدست آمد. تیمار کود نانو آهن و 30 درصد رطوبت قابل دسترس، بیشترین فعالیت آنزیم­های کاتالاز، گایاکول پراکسیداز و آسکوربات پراکسیداز را شامل شد. کاربرد کود نانو آهن باعث افزایش غلظت عناصر ماکرو و میکرو (آهن، روی،ازت، فسفر وپتاس) در گیاه شد و بیشترین مقدار غلظت عناصر آهن، روی، فسفر وپتاس در برهمکنش کود نانو آهن و تنش  خشکی 70 درصد ظرفیت زراعی بدست آمد. به‌طورکلی می­توان گفت تنش موجب تأثیرات مخرب بر گیاه شده و مصرف نانو آهن موجب افزایش تحمل گیاه به تنش شده و استفاده از گیاه چای ترش برای شرایط تنش مناسب می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

چای مکی؛ ریز مغذی؛ عملکرد؛ کمبود آب؛ محلول‌پاشی

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