فیتوسنتز نانوذرات نقره پایدار با استفاده از عصاره آبی گونه Salvia rhytidea Benth. و مقایسه عملکرد ضدمیکروبی آن با عصاره طبیعی گیاه

اکوفیتوشیمی گیاهان دارویی

دوره 8، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 30، شهریور 1399، صفحه 89-112   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

امید عزیزیان شرمه¹؛ ابراهیم ملاشاهی^{* 2}؛ مژگان طاهری‌زاده³

¹دانشجوی دکتری ، گروه شیمی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران

²استادیار، گروه شیمی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران

³دانشجوی دکتری، گروه شیمی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرمان، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

مطالعه حاضر اولین گزارش از فیتوسنتز نانوذرات نقره از عصاره­آبی ریشه گیاه­دارویی مریم­گلی­تفتانی (Salvia rhytidea Benth.) و مقایسه عملکرد ضدمیکروبی آن با عصاره طبیعی گیاه می­باشد. نمونه‌های گیاهی در مرحله گلدهی در خردادماه سال 1396 از ارتفاعات کوه تفتان (طول 60 درجه و 44 دقیقه شرقی و عرض 28 درجه و 33 دقیقه شمالی و در ارتفاع   1394 متر بالاتر از سطح دریا) جمع‌آوری شدند. پس از تهیه عصاره به روش خیساندن، نانوذرات نقره به روش زیستی سنتز شدند. سپس پارامترهایی همچون pH واکنش، غلظت نیترات نقره و زمان واکنش مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته و بهینه سازی شدند. پس از بررسی خصوصیات نانوذرات توسط میکروسکوپ الکترونی گذاره و پراش پرتو ایکس، خاصیت ضدمیکروبی آن­ها علیه باکتری­های سالمونلا­تیفی موریوم، اشرشیاکلی، باسیلوس­سرئوس و استافیلوکوکوس­اورئوس و قارچ­های آسپرژیلوس­فلاووس و پنی سیلیوم‌اکسپانسوم به دو روش انتشار از دیسک و حداقل غلظت مهار­کننده رشد بررسی شد و با فعالیت ضدمیکروبی عصاره­آبی مقایسه شد. نانوذرات به دست آمده دارای ماکسیمم جذب در طول­موج 415-400 نانومتر، اندازه میانگین 20-25 نانومتر، شکل کروی و یکنواخت بودند. بررسی فعالیت ضدمیکروبی نشان­داد که اثرات ضدمیکروبی وابسته به غلظت بوده و در غلظت­های یکسان، نانوذرات دارای اثر مهارکنندگی به مراتب بیشتری در مقایسه با عصاره­آبی بوده­اند، به گونه­ای که در غلظت 50 میکروگرم­ بر میلی­لیتر، بیشترین اثر مهارکنندگی علیه باکتری استافیلوکوکوس­اورئوس (19 میلی­متر) و قارچ آسپرژیلوس­فلاووس (19 میلی­متر) مشاهده شد. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده گیاهان دارای پتانسیل بالایی جهت سنتز زیستی نانوذرات بوده که به عنوان میکروب زدا می توانند در صنایع گوناگون مورد استفاده قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

فعالیت ضدمیکروبی؛ فیتوسنتز؛ گیاه مریم گلی تفتانی؛ نانوذرات نقره

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