تخم‌مرغ‌های فراسودمند؛ الف) غنی‌‌شده با مواد معدنی، ویتامین‌ها و رنگدانه‌ها

فصلنامه کیفیت و ماندگاری تولیدات کشاورزی و مواد غذایی

دوره 1، شماره 4، خرداد 1401، صفحه 12-28   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/qafj.2022.1956967.1028

نویسنده

داریوش خادمی شورمستی^*

استادیار، گروه کشاورزی، واحد سوادکوه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سوادکوه، ایران

چکیده

تخم‌مرغ منبعی از ترکیبات ضروری حیاتی در نظر گرفته می‌شود که مواد مغذی را در یک بسته‌بندی بیولوژیکی فراهم می‌کند. امروزه با توجه به افزایش سطح آگاهی‌ها، کیفیت حسی و تغذیه‌ای تخم‌مرغ به یک دغدغه فزاینده برای مصرف‌کنندگان تبدیل شده است. لذا تقاضا برای تخم‌مرغ‌های دارای ویژگی‌ها و اثربخشی فراتر از یک غذای معمول از جمله تخم‌مرغ‌های غنی‌شده با مواد مغذی مانند مواد معدنی کمیاب (سلنیوم، آهن، روی، ید، مس و غیره)، ویتامین‌ها (محلول درآب و محلول در چربی)، ترکیبات آنتی‌اکسیدانی (مانند کاروتنوئیدها) رو به افزایش است. دستیابی به این هدف به سادگی از طریق رویکردهای تغذیه‌ای که منجر به تولید تخم‌مرغ‌های طراح می‌شود، ممکن و مقرون به‌صرفه است. بدین ترتیب تخم‌مرغ‌های فراسودمند‌ برای مصرف‌کنندگانی که خواهان تخم‌مرغ‌هایی با خواص تغذیه‌ای متفاوت نسبت به تخم‌مرغ‌های معمولی هستند، گزینه‌های جدید و جذابی فراهم می‌کنند. در این مقاله، تلاش شده است تا رهیافت‌های تغذیه‌ای مختلف در پرورش و مدیریت مرغان تخمگذار جهت تولید تخم‌مرغ طراحی شده شامل اشکال مختلف مکمل‌های معدنی و آلی حاوی عناصر کمیاب، ویتامین‌ها و رنگدانه‌ها، مقادیر مورد نیاز روزانه و مقادیر تأمین شده توسط تخم‌مرغ‌های غنی‌شده جهت اعمال نقش بیولوژیک اختصاصی و نیز آثار سمیت ناشی از تداخل عمل برخی مکمل‌ها در سطوح مختلف مورد استفاده، بررسی شد. گرچه مشخص گردید که می‌توان به‌راحتی به تولید تخم‌مرغ‌های غنی‌شده از طریق رهیافت‌های تغذیه‌ای امیدوار بود لیکن اثبات ادعاهای سلامت‌بخش این تخم‌مرغ‌های طراح در مدل‌های انسانی نیازمند توجه به ترکیب و سازگاری آنها در جمعیت‌های مختلف و انجام آزمایشات تخصصی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تخم‌مرغ طراح؛ عناصر کمیاب؛ غذای فراسودمند؛ غنی‌سازی؛ کاروتنوئیدها

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